Non Resident Taxable Persons supplying goods or services in India operate under a GST framework that differs fundamentally from the standard registration and compliance structure applicable to resident businesses. There is no turnover threshold every non resident making a taxable supply in India is required to obtain registration before commencing operations. The registration process requires an advance deposit of the estimated GST liability for the intended period of operation, an authorised Indian signatory, and a registration validity limited to 90 days extendable through a formal application before the expiry date.
For NRIs and foreign entities supplying digital services, participating in Indian trade events, or providing services to unregistered persons in India, the compliance obligations under the GST framework are specific, time bound, and carry immediate financial consequences for non compliance. At RVG India, NRI and foreign business GST engagements are managed as specialised compliance exercises covering provisional registration, advance tax deposit coordination, authorised signatory appointment, GSTR 5 filing, and post compliance refund of unutilised advance tax ensuring the complete compliance cycle is managed without requiring physical presence in India.
The OIDAR Online Information and Database Access or Retrieval framework extends GST obligations to foreign entities providing digital services to unregistered persons in India, regardless of whether the supplier has any physical presence in the country. Streaming services, cloud software, digital content platforms, and online training providers supplying to Indian consumers fall within this category and are required to register and file returns under the OIDAR provisions. The compliance requirements differ from standard NRTP registration and applying the wrong framework to the wrong category of supply creates both filing gaps and advance deposit miscalculations that require correction before the registration period expires.
Unlike resident businesses, non resident taxable persons have no turnover threshold exemption. The obligation to register arises from the nature of the supply any taxable supply of goods or services in India by a non resident triggers mandatory registration before the first transaction. Operating without registration from the first supply constitutes a statutory violation with liability, interest, and penalty computed from the date of that transaction regardless of the quantum involved.
Every NRTP registration requires an advance deposit of the estimated GST liability before the registration becomes active. Underestimating creates a shortfall during operations. Overdepositing creates an excess requiring a post compliance refund application. Accurate pre registration planning eliminates both outcomes.
NRTP registration lapses after 90 days unless a REG-11 extension is filed before expiry. Operating beyond the validity period without an approved extension constitutes unregistered supply. The department does not issue reminders extension applications must be filed proactively.
Every NRTP registration requires a designated resident Indian signatory responsible for all compliance obligations during the registration period. Delays in identifying and appointing the signatory before filing push the activation date beyond the intended commencement of operations.
Foreign document submission, TIN acceptance in lieu of PAN, and virtual KYC coordination require specific preparation. Without it, deficiency notices delay registration activation beyond the operational timeline with no option for physical office facilitation to resolve the gap.
A Non Resident Taxable Person is any individual or entity that occasionally undertakes taxable supply of goods or services in India but does not have a fixed place of business or residence in India. This includes foreign companies participating in Indian trade events, NRIs supplying services to Indian clients, and foreign entities providing digital or consultancy services to Indian recipients all of whom are required to register as NRTPs before commencing supply activity regardless of turnover.
No. Non resident taxable persons are not required to hold an Indian PAN for GST registration purposes. A valid passport and foreign Tax Identification Number are accepted in lieu of PAN for individual NRTPs. For foreign companies, the equivalent foreign business registration document and TIN serve as the primary identity documentation. Where the non resident holds an Indian PAN, it may be used but its absence does not prevent registration.
The advance deposit is an estimated payment of the GST liability expected to arise during the intended period of operation in India required before the NRTP registration is activated. It is computed based on the projected value of supplies, applicable GST rates, and the planned operational duration. The deposit is adjusted against actual liability as returns are filed. Any unutilised balance remaining after all compliance obligations are met is refundable through a formal application following the close of the registration period.
NRTP registration under Section 27 applies to non residents making taxable supplies of goods or services in India on an occasional basis with a 90 day validity, advance deposit requirement, and GSTR-5 filing obligation. OIDAR registration applies specifically to foreign entities providing online information and database access or retrieval services to unregistered persons in India on an ongoing basis without the advance deposit requirement but with its own distinct return filing framework. Applying the wrong registration category to the wrong supply type creates compliance gaps that require correction before the relevant obligations can be properly discharged.
Yes. The entire NRTP compliance cycle registration, advance deposit, monthly GSTR-5 filing, extension applications, and post compliance refund can be managed virtually without the non-resident entity establishing physical presence in India. The requirement for an authorised Indian signatory ensures that all compliance obligations are managed through a designated resident representative, allowing the non resident entity to fulfil its Indian GST obligations entirely through a coordinated remote engagement.
Where the 90-day registration validity expires without an approved REG-11 extension, the registration lapses automatically rendering any subsequent supply activity unregistered taxable supply from the date of lapse. Liability, interest, and penalty apply from that date. Restoration requires a fresh registration application with a new advance deposit restarting the compliance cycle entirely and creating a gap period of unregistered supply that cannot be retrospectively covered by the new registration.